Green
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Green (disambiguation).
| Green | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Hex triplet | #00FF00 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (0, 255, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (120°, 100%, 100%) |
| Source | Visible spectrum[1] | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
Leafy green fountain in Wattens, Austria.
Green is considered one of the additive primary colors. The perception of green is evoked by light having a spectrum dominated by energy with a wavelength of roughly 520–570 nm.
The complement of green is a purple, such as magenta; that is, a color corresponding to a mixture of red and blue light.
On a traditional color wheel, based on subtractive color, the complementary color to green is considered to be red.[2]
Contents
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[edit] Shades of green
| Green (X11 color) ("lime" in HTML/CSS) | ||
|---|---|---|
| | ||
| Hex triplet | #00FF00 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (0, 255, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (120°, 100%, 100%) |
| Source | X11 | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
[edit] Electric green (web color lime)
The color displayed at right, electric green (web color or X11 color lime) is the brightest possible pure green that can be represented in a 24-bit-per-pixel RGB color space. This pure green represents one of the three additive primaries, along with red and blue, is used in computer monitors, and is reproduced as a good approximation to a pure spectral green.
When approximated (with less brightness) in pigments, this color is called bright green.
[edit] Kelly green
| Kelly Green | ||
|---|---|---|
| | ||
| CMYKH | (c, m, y, k) | (100, 0, 100, 0) |
| Source | CMYK Tintbook | |
| H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) | ||
Kelly green, also known as grass green or pigment green, is achieved by mixing cyan and yellow pigments in equal proportions.
[edit] Shamrock green (Irish green)
The Flag of Ireland (approximated colors for screen display)
Shamrock green is the color of green used in the flag of Ireland, and therefore it is also called Irish green[citation needed]. It represents the color of Shamrocks in what is poetically called the "Emerald Isle" for its emerald-colored vegetation[citation needed].
This green is legally defined as Pantone 347[3], a proprietary color system which does not have a direct equivalent in sRGB.
It is customary in both Ireland and the United States to wear this shade of green, or any shade of green that one prefers, on St. Patrick's Day, March 17, even if one is not of Irish descent.
| Green in Islam | ||
|---|---|---|
| | ||
| Hex triplet | #009900 | |
| RGBB | (r, g, b) | (00, 153, 0) |
| HSV | (h, s, v) | (120°, 90%, 60%) |
| Source | Vexillological | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
[edit] Green in Islam
The color in this form is the shade of green used in the Flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference.
Islam used/uses this shade of green symbolically because the tribe of the prophet Muhammad had a green banner and because to them green represented paradise (the Persian word for garden) to desert-dwelling Bedouin tribes when they gathered at an oasis.
| Green (HTML/CSS color) | ||
|---|---|---|
| | ||
| Hex triplet | #008000 | |
| sRGBB | (r, g, b) | (0, 128, 0) |
| Source | HTML/CSS[4] | |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | ||
[edit] Office green (web color "green")
The conservative shade of green shown at right, office green, was the original color designated as "green" for computer displays in the 1980s[citation needed].
It was apparently chosen because it is the color of the green-colored pencils used by accountants and the color of green office file cabinets[citation needed].
Chlorophyll is responsible for the green color in plants. This lemon will gradually turn yellow as it ripens.
[edit] Green in nature
Green is common in nature, especially in plants. Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.
Some animals are green: these include some frogs, toads, some turtles some lizards and amphibians, some snakes, some birds such as parrots, caterpillars and some insects such as praying mantids.
Green algae and green plankton are important food sources at the bottom of the food chain.
[edit] Green in human culture
[edit] Advertising
- In advertising, the Jolly Green Giant is a character used to advertise vegetables.
[edit] Agriculture
- The Green Revolution is a term used to describe the transformation of agriculture in many developing nations that led to significant increases in agricultural production between the 1940s and 1960s.
[edit] Architecture
- Green architecture is designing buildings in accordance with ecological principles.
[edit] City Planning
- In City Planning, parks are called green space. A greenbelt is a zone encircling a metropolitan area reserved for nature preserves.
[edit] Comic books
- The Green Lantern is a popular DC Comics superhero character.
- Green Arrow is a DC character as well.
- The Marvel Comics hero The Incredible Hulk is green-skinned.
- The Green Goblin is a Spider-Man villain.
- The Green Hornet is a comic-book crime fighter perhaps better known for his appearances on radio serials and a 1960s TV series.
[edit] Computers
- In computers, the Green Screen was the common name for a monochrome CRT computer display using a green P1 Phosphor screen.
[edit] Cultural Expressions
- Jealousy is called the green-eyed monster (after a phrase in Shakespeare's Othello).
- An inexperienced person is sometimes known as green, probably by analogy to unripe (i.e. unready, immature) fruit. The word greenhorn also refers to an inexperienced person. Synonym, "greenhorn".
- Someone who works well with plants is said to have a green thumb.
- A physically-ill person is said to look green around the gills.
- In Thailand, Green is associated with Wednesday on the Thai solar calendar. Anyone may wear green on Wednesdays, and anyone born on a Wednesday may adopt green as their color. Thai, however, is one of the languages that has had trouble in distinguishing blue from green, though recently published dictionaries do make the distinction. (Thai: เขียว) besides meaning Green also means rank and smelly and other unpleasant associations. [[1]]
[edit] Environmentalism
- Green is used to mean environmentally friendly. For example, green cars are vehicles that have extremely low emissions that are not harmful to the environment. The different types of green cars include hybrid, electric, ethanol, biodiesel, natural gas, and high MPG gasoline cars.
[edit] Film and television
- Soylent Green is a 1973 horror / science fiction film, named for the green-colored food that is its central plot element.
- In the TV series Power Rangers and its Japanese counterpart, Super Sentai, green is a color worn by Power Rangers or Super Sentai members. They're interchangeable with black, and it, along with black are seen to be the macho ones and are always male. [citation needed]
[edit] Finance
- In the United States, green symbolizes money the color on the back of U.S. currency, giving rise to the slang term greenback for cash. Therefore, in areas that use the U.S. Dollar as currency, green carries a connotation of money, wealth, and capitalism. This is especially true in the U.S., but the use of the dollar worldwide makes green a worldwide symbol of wealth, along with the color gold.
- In North American stock markets, green is used to denote a rise in stock prices. In East Asian stock markets, however, green is used to denote a drop in stock prices.
[edit] Firefighting
- Fire escape exit signs are green in Puerto Rico, but red in Mexico. In America, they can be either green or red.
[edit] Flags
- The flag of Libya is plain green (the traditional color of Islam), the only current national flag of a single color.
[edit] Folklore
- Green is thought to be an unlucky color in British and British-derived cultures[5], where green cars, wedding dresses, and theatre costumes are all the objects of superstition[6]
[edit] Heraldry
- In heraldry, green is called vert.
[edit] History
- A Green Party (or Faction) existed in the Byzantine Empire for a while, but of course it had nothing to do with modern Greens. Rather, it developed out of a kind of chariot racing fan club whose drivers used the color green to distinguish themselves from the opposing Blue Party. The Green Party represented the "liberals" (artisans, workmen, and small shopkeepers), whereas the Blue Party represented the "conservatives" (the military, the wealthy merchants, and the Imperial bureaucracy).[7]
[edit] Holidays
- Green is one of the Christmas colors, usually with red and sometimes also with white and gold and/or silver.
- Green represents St. Patrick's Day.
[edit] Linguistics
- Green is the symbol of the Esperanto language. The color is particularly associated with the green star, and is seen too on the Esperanto flag.
[edit] Literature
- The Middle English poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight has a character who is entirely green.
- In The Wizard of Oz, Dorothy and her friends must travel to the Emerald City to meet the famous wizard.
- In Dante's Divine Comedy, green is the color used to symbolize hope.
- In the science fiction novels of Robert A. Heinlein, the planetary anthem of Earth is called "The Green Hills of Earth".
- Aliens (of the extraterrestrial variety) are sometimes referred to metaphorically in general as little green men (even though, of course, they are visualized as being many different colors in stories, comic books, films, video games, or TV shows depicting them).
[edit] Medicine
- In Western culture the color green is often used as a symbol of sickness and/or nausea. Cartoons often show a character as being sick with a green face. However in many Latin cultures green portrays health and growth and illness is associated more with red.
- For patients being treated with Medical marijuana, Green is a slang term for cannabis, due to the color of the plant material.
- Substances that may impart a greenish hue to one's skin include biliverdin, the green pigment in bile, and ceruloplasmin, a protein that carries copper ions in chelation.
[edit] Metaphysics and philosophy
- In the metaphysics of the New Age Prophetess, Alice A. Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical personality types, the third ray of creative intelligence is represented by the color green. People who have this metaphysical personality type are said to be on the Green Ray.
- Green is used to symbolically represent the fourth, heart chakra (Anahata).
- Psychics who claim to be able to observe the aura with their third eye report that someone with a green aura is typically someone who is in an occupation related to health, such as a doctor or nurse, as well as people who are lovers of nature and the outdoors. [8]
- Green is the color symbolizing earth, nature, and in a broader sense, life.
- In Ancient China, green was the symbol of East and Wood, one of the main five colors.
- The emotion of envy is traditionally symbolized by the color green.
[edit] Military
- In the United States Army, green is the color of the Military Police, whereas jungle green is the color of the United States Army Special Forces or "Green Berets".
- Because of its camouflage properties, green is typically used for the field uniforms for many military services. It is also used as the dress uniform for many land forces and marines.
- In many countries, especially those in the former Soviet bloc, green is the color of the border guard.
- "Being Green" can either mean someone who is new or someone who is overwhelmed and prone to desertion.
- The Green Zone is a 10 km² (4 mile²) area in central Baghdad that was the center of the Coalition Provisional Authority and remains the center of United States and other international military presence in the city.
- Night vision goggles use electro-optical tubes that amplify very low levels of light several thousand times using an image intensifier. They tint the picture green. The color green is chosen because the human eye is most sensitive and able to discern the most shades in green.
- Having a "Green Light" can indicate the commencement of a mission.
- Case Green (Fall Grün) was the Wehrmacht's plan drawn up in 1937 to attack Czechoslovakia, which was successfully implemented as Operation Southeast on 15 March 1939, thanks to the way having been prepared by the Munich Agreement. [9].
[edit] Music
- Green Day is a band that was part of the early 90's punk resurgence.
- Green Green Grass of Home (Claude "Curly" Putman Jr.) is a country song originally made popular by Tom Jones in 1966 .
- Bein' Green — a popular song by Kermit the Frog.
- The Green Album is an album by the rock band Weezer, released in 2001.
- Little Green is a song by Joni Mitchell.
[edit] National Colors
- Green is a symbol of Ireland, which is often referred to as "the Emerald Isle". The color is particularly identified with the republican and nationalist traditions in modern times. It is used this way on the flag of the Republic of Ireland, in balance with white and the Protestant orange. This pattern of green, white, and orange is also seen in Niger and Côte d'Ivoire.
- Green, white, and red are the colors of Mexico, Bulgaria, Italy, Hungary, Wales, and Iran.
- Green and yellow are colors of Brazil, Jamaica, South Africa, Ghana, Lithuania, Australia, Senegal, Mali, Ethiopia, Togo, Guinea, Benin, and Zimbabwe.
[edit] Politics
- The Green Party is any of various political parties emphasizing environmental issues, grassroots democracy, pacifism, and social justice. The environmental lobby or ecology movement uses green because of its common occurrence in nature. Greenpeace, an ecological group, uses green because of its association with life and verdancy. Europeans who carry this into the political realm are called Greens: There are political parties known as "Green Parties" in over one hundred countries throughout the world (beginning primarily in Europe, though similar parties have taken root around the world). The more generic term "green party" is used for parties that emphasize environmentalism, but it is increasingly out of favour as the Global Greens have succeeded in uniting almost all such parties under a Global Green Charter. In the UK the ecology party became the Green Party.
- In the United States, especially in the state of Minnesota, green has been used by many Democratic candidates (blue, white, gold and green colors show up frequently in official state imagery in Minnesota), though it does not necessarily symbolize adherence to Green principles. Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party Politicians to use green symbolically include U.S. Senator Amy Klobuchar, U.S. Representative Keith Ellison and late U.S. Senator Paul Wellstone. Wellstone was frequently and famously sympathetic to green causes.
- The Pan-Green Coalition in Taiwan.
- Green is the color generally associated with Plaid Cymru, the Welsh political party — but not for reasons of its political ideology.
- The flag of Hamas is green, symbolising their Islamist ideology.
[edit] Religion
- Green is considered the traditional color of Islam, likewise because of its association with nature.
- Muhammad is reliably quoted in a hadith as saying that "water, greenery, and a beautiful face" were three universally good things.
- In the Qur'an, sura Al-Insan, believers in Allah in Jannah wear fine green silk.[10][11]
- Al-Khidr (The Green One) is a Muslim Saint, who, it is believed, appeared to Moses.
- Bartholomew I of Constantinople is often referred to as "the Green Patriarch" because of the support he has caused the Ecumenical Patriarchate to place for maintenance and protection of the environment.
- In the Roman Catholic church, green is a traditional color of the sacred science of canon law. Also, Roman Catholic clergy wear green vestments at liturgical celebrations during Ordinary Time.
- In the Eastern Catholic Church, green is the color of Pentecost.
[edit] Sexuality
- In high schools in the United States during the 1960s, it was widely believed that if someone wore green on Thursdays, it meant that they were homosexual. [12]
[edit] Sports
- Green Bay Packers fans are known to paint themselves green.
- British racing green is a popular color for cars. It was made famous by the likes of Bentley in the early 20th century.
- In golf, the region of grass around the hole is trimmed short—it is referred to as the putting green, or simply, the green.
- In surfing, surfing through a green tube is what happens when the wave curls over you as you surf parallel to it (actually, it would be more accurate to call it a cyan tube.)[13]
- The University of North Texas' athletic teams are known as the Mean Green
- Green is the color of the Saskatchewan Roughriders
- The Green Monster, the outfield wall of Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts
- Wally the Green Monster, the team mascot of the Boston Red Sox.
- The Oakland Athletics team colors are "green" and gold.
[edit] Theatre
- The green room is a room adjacent to the stage where performers and actors get ready for their performance, although it is rarely literally green.
[edit] Transportation
- Green symbolizes go in its use in traffic signals, railway signals and ship signals.
- In Japan, green indicates safety and luxury. As an example of safety, signs for emergency exits are green and white. For luxury, the Japan Railways system has green cars on trains; these have wider, reserved seats as well as other amenities, and carry a premium price.
- Green is the color of freeway directional signs in the United States, Australia, and China, as well as other countries.
- Green indicates upward direction on elevators.
[edit] Green pigments
- Charleston green
- Chartreuse
- Cobalt green
- Emerald green
- Malachite
- Sap green
- Terre verte (Glauconite)
- Verdigris
- Viridian
[edit] Food colorings
- Chlorophyll (E140 and E141)
- Quinoline (E104)
- Green S (E142), in countries where it is permitted